It's no mystery that humans practice better hygiene than dogs, but can your furry friends actually get you sick? In most cases, no, Fido won't give you koodies. However, there are some transferable diseases that humans are able to contract from their dogs.
Giardia is a Protozoal parasite often from contaminated drinking water. Infected dogs can serve as a source for humans, as can infected humans serve as a source for their dogs. Although very difficult to be sure that your dog never drinks from puddles that could contain the fecal matter of infected wildlife, you can treat and filter water when you are hiking and camping to protect yourself and try to encourage your dog to choose treated water when thirsty.
Symptoms in pets: Diarrhea
Symptoms in humans: Diarrhea
Roundworm is technically zoonotic and can cause horrific skin and ocular lesions in affected humans. In our culture, with excellent hygiene and careful parasite control for our dogs, we don’t hear of these cases often. Cases are thought to be higher in urban areas where population density puts children more likely to come into contact with the feces of infected pets. There are other intestinal parasites that can cause human disease as well. Careful handling of dog feces is imperative and always washing your hands after handling feces or the dog prior to eating especially.
Symptoms in pets: Diarrhea, visible worms in stool, vomiting, constipation, coughing, and bloody stool.
Symptoms in humans: Cough, shortness of breath, abdominal pain, and blood in the stool.
Methicillin-Resistant Staph Aureus is more of a problem from humans to pets. These infections are most commonly found in ears and wounds. If your pet has non-healing wounds or chronic recurrent ear infections, you should consider getting a culture take at your vet.
Symptoms in pets: Fever, discharge from a wound, skin lesions, skin swelling, and slow to heal wounds.
Symptoms in humans: Generally start as small red bumps that resemble pimples, boils or spider bites. These can quickly turn into deep, painful abscesses that require surgical draining. Sometimes the bacteria remain confined to the skin.
Often called Scabies, Mange is caused by a tiny mite that burrows deeply into the skin creating severe itching and irritation. Secondary infections are common for infected dogs and it is not only contagious between dogs, but also can infect humans. Humans are a “dead end” host which means the infestation will be self-limiting and infected humans do not lose all of their hair as infected dogs can. However, the mites cause profound itching. If your dog is extremely itchy and is missing patches of hair, call your vet right away, especially if your dog has been around other dogs that you don’t own or has been boarded or grooming with other dogs.
Symptoms in pets: The symptoms of mange depend on which type of mite is present. Demodectic mange tends to cause hair loss, bald spots, scabbing and sores. Secondary bacterial infections can make demodectic mange an itchy and uncomfortable disease. Sarcoptic mange tends to cause intense itching. It can result in restlessness and frantic scratching, symptoms that generally appear one week after exposure. It also can result in hair loss, reddened skin, body sores, and scabs. The most commonly affected areas are a dog’s ears, elbows, face, and legs, but it can rapidly spread to the entire body.
Symptoms in humans: sarcoptic mange causes a rash of red bumps, similar to mosquito bites. Humans cannot get demodectic mange from dogs.
Salmonella is a bacteria that can be found in contaminated and under-cooked food. It can make people and dogs very sick with GI signs, which is why great care must be taken if feeding your dog a raw diet.
Symptoms in pets: Reptile pets and chicks often don't show symptoms.
Symptoms in humans: Abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, headache, and nausea.
Dermatophytosis, better known as ringworm, is a fungal infection of the skin. It is seen in both dogs and cats, although cats are more likely to be asymptomatic carriers. Animals are often blamed for infections in children, but ringworm can be found in soil where children play.
Symptoms in pets: Skin lesions and patches of hair loss with a red mark in the center.
Symptoms in people: Red, circular patches on the skin.
Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection that is spread through contact with the urine of an infected animal. Potential sources can be wildlife, like mice and rats. Contaminated standing water is thought to be a source. Infected dogs can be a source for their humans handling their urine, so if your dog is sick with fever, lethargy, and jaundice, please contact your vet immediately.
Symptoms in pets: Fever, muscle pain, vomiting and diarrhea, loss of appetite, lethargy, depression, and blood in the urine. More serious infections can cause jaundice and blood clotting problems.
Symptoms in people: High fever, headache, chills, muscle aches, vomiting, jaundice (yellow skin/eyes), red eyes, abdominal pain.
Rabies is a virus that can infect mammals. It is spread in the saliva or contact with infected tissues. Suspected rabies or even any human bitten by an unvaccinated (or past due) dog must be reported to the health department. Bats serve as a source in the wild, as do raccoons and other wildlife. There are very few human cases that have survived once the symptoms have evidenced themselves.
Symptoms in pets: Fever, seizures, dropped jaw, inability to swallow, change in bark tone, muscular lack of coordination, excessive salivation or frothy saliva.
Symptoms in humans: Temperature of 100.4ºF, chills, fatigue, problems sleeping, lack of appetite, headache, irritability, anxiety, sore throat, vomiting. Around half of people will also experience pain and a tingling sensation at the site of the infection.
Hookworms suck on the intestinal lining of dogs, causing a potentially life-threatening blood loss, especially in puppies. The eggs found in pet feces could transfer through the skin in pet owners if you happened to, say, step on droppings with your bare feet in the backyard.
Symptoms in pets: Diarrhea, weight loss.
Symptoms in humans: Often none, but could include an itchy rash, cough, wheezing, stomach pain, anemia, or loss of appetite.
Tapeworms are flat, segmented worms that live in the intestines of some animals. Animals can become infected with these parasites when grazing in pastures or drinking contaminated water.
Symptoms in pets: Dragging back-end across the ground; rice-like pieces in the pet's stool or longer worms in vomit.
Symptoms in humans: nausea, weakness, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hunger or loss of appetite, fatigue, weight loss, and rice-like pieces in the stool.
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